How to set up a new Dental Clinic

This article focuses on young dentists , who with long standing MDS dream were not able to crack MDS entrance and are unable to pay heavy capitation fees.... DON'T GIVE UP

With increased  competition in mds entrance exams for few govt. seats have let down lot of MDS aspirants. The fee structure for  MDS seats in private colleges have gown up to 6-7 lakhs a year, which is beyond the reach of common middle class family. So once again comes the big question,

WHAT NEXT?

WHAT AFTER BDS ?

For all my dear aspirants,

DON'T GIVE UP.

You are already a professional BDS doctor. Don't underestimate your BDS skills and Qualifications. Obviously the best scenario is in being able to pursue a PG degree. But, this is not always possible as mentioned above.

If you still don't believe me, here are few facts:

1. On an average , a BDS practitioner is making one lakh a month.
2. There is huge demand for dentists in outskirts of all cities in INDIA.
3. Why do you want to setup clinic only in central hubs , there is huge potential in sub urbs.
4. Paying capacity of patients is less in remote areas but number of patients is more.
5. Some of the best dentists are the ones with only a bachelor’s degree. They have reached the pinnacle of their profession through the dint of hard work & constant self-examination.

So , its high time now take the big decision.START your own private practice.

What you require ?

1. A BDS degree. (which you already have)
2. Get 6 month experience of clinical work  in a reputed dental clinic under a qualified dental practitioner.This will boost your confidence and you will how to handle patients at private clinics.
3. A diploma or a short course in aesthetic dentistry or endodontics is always a help.
4. Preferably look for a shop in good commercial area or near by a hospital. You need not buy it, you can always start on a rented shop.
5. If you can get associated with an ENT or MS (eye) , you can start a PolyClinic in patnership.
6. Minimum space advised is 250 sqft. More than this is a luxury.

Equipment and Material : (costs range between 3 to 5 lakhs )

1. A Dental Chair : Go for a brand which provides service in your area.  (1 to 4 lakhs)
2. Compressor : min. 20 litres capacity ( 10 to 20 thousand)
3. Dental chair should be equipped with motorised suction, 3 way syringe and micromotor.
4. x-ray machine which supports use of RVG later on. (25 to 70 thousand)
5. Ultrasonic Scaler  : preferably good brand (5 to 30 thousand)
6. Cordless Light Cure unit ( 5 to 25 thousand)
7. A straight hand piece
8. A contra angle hand piece
9. Airrotor ( 3 in number)
10. Autoclave (min. 5 lit. , top loading, newer front loading are better)
11. Glass bead sterliser

12. UV chamber
13. A full set of upper and lower teeth extraction forceps...go for the best brand (150 to 600 a piece)
14. A needle cutter
15. PMT sets ( best brand ) min. 15 in number.
16. Kidney trays 15
17. Enamel trays 3
18. Intrument drums 2
19. Ultrasonic bath
20. A portable X- ray developing chamber.
21. Dental burs
22. Alginate
23. Rubber Based impression material
24. Conservative filling instruments
25. Prosthodontic Instument Kit
25. Endo box
26. Endo gauge
27. Bur box
28. K- files all sizes, broaches , spreader etc.
29. Endo MOTOR ( optional)
30. RVG (optional)
31. Apex locator (optional)
32. All endo related material e.g. sealer, gp points, paper points,
33. Ca hydoxide
34. Temporary filling material
35. Composite starter kit
36. Lathe (optional)
37. Suction tips
38. Cotton holder
39. Developer and fixer
40. Gates glidden and paeso reamers
41. Plaster, stone and die stone
42. Impression trays both perforated and non perforated
43. Articulators
44. Posts and core material
45. Prophylactic paste
46. Instant Hand sanitizer
47. Filling materials like amalgam, GIC, compomer , miracle mix and posterior composites.
48. Pain OFF
49. Alveogyl
50. Irrigants


This is a brief list.

What more do you need ?

Dental office and waiting area furniture which may consists of

- Doctor's Table
- Doctor's Chair
- 2 patients chairs

One reception table
- receptionists chair
- waiting chairs from 6 to 20 depending on size of OPD

OTHER MUST HAVE FEATURES IN YOU CLINIC

A LCD/LED TV in waiting area.
A Water filter with hot/cold water facilities
A magazine stand with newspaper in regional language and few magazines


All is done I guess.... Along with all these things your courteous attitude and humble approach with a smile on your face is required to treat patients even before they sit on your dental chair.

ALL THE BEST !!





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Bitten By a Snake : Things you should know

►    3500   SPECIES
►    300     VENOMOUS
►    30000  - 40000 DEATHS ANNUALLY


POISONOUS SNAKES
INDIAN SCENARIO
►    5 DANGEROUSLY POISONOUS SNAKES
          KING COBRA
          COMMON COBRA
          COMMON KRAIT
          RUSSELL’S VIPER
          SAWSCALED VIPER
MOST COMMON POISONOUS SNAKE IS COMMON KRAIT

►    216  SPECIES

►    52  VENOMOUS



SNAKE VENOM
►    Toxic saliva secreted by modified parotid glands of a venomous snake
►    Amber coloured when fresh
►    Constituents               Toxins
                                       Enzymes
                                       Miscellaneous : neurotoxins
                                                                cardiotoxins
                                                                hemolysin


VENOM CLASSIFICATION
►    Neurotoxic              elapids(cobra,krait)
►    Hemotoxic               viperidae
►    Myotoxic                  sea snake
►    Krait and russell’s viper is much more toxic than that of cobra


SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF NON VENOMOUS SNAKES
►    Universal fear associated induce a state of shock
►    Bite site may demonstrate multiple teeth impressions
►    Lack of significant local pain or swelling
►    Adequate reassurance and symptomatic treatment measures lead to full recovery


SYMP..VENOMOUS SNAKE BITES
►    ELAPID BITE
►    Local features :
►        indistinct fang marks ,
►        burning pain,
►        swelling and discolouration,                                                                        
►        serosanguinous discharge

       
Systemic features

►    preparalytic stage  :     emesis,
                                             headache,
                                              LOC.
      paralytic stage      : ptosis,
                                           ophthalmoplegia
                                           drowsiness,
                                           dysarthria,
                                           dysphagia,
                                           convulsions,
                                           bulbar paralysis,
                                           resp failure .

     

VIPERID BITE

Local features:
                         rapid swelling,
                         discolouration,
                         blister formation,
                         bleeding from bite site,
                         severe pain
    
Generalised bleeding manifestations.                       
                          epistaxis,
                          hemoptysis,
                          bleeding gums
                          hemauria
                          purpuric spots
 Renal failure

      

HYDROPHID BITE

►    Local features: minimal swelling and pain
►    Systemic features: myalgia muscle stiffness
                  myoglobinuria , renal tubular
                  necrosis                  


DIAGNOSIS OF SNAKE BITE
►    FANG MARKS:classically, two puncture                wounds seperated by a distance varying from 8mm to 4cm, depending on the species involved.
►    However a side swipe may produce only a single puncture,while multiple bites could result in numerous fang marks.
►    Baileys method
  
      



Management of snake bite

FIRST AID

►    DELAY ENRY OF VENOM
►    TOURNIQUET
►    ABOVE KNEE
►    ABOVE ELBOW


CLINICAL ASSESMENT
►    VITAL SIGNS—PULSE
                           --B P
                           --RESPIRATION –SBC
OBSERVE – BITE MARK
                   --LOCAL REACTION
                   --PAINFUL LNE
►               


NEUROTOXICITY
►    PTOSIS
►    OPHTHALMOPLEGIA
►    MYASTHENIA LIKE SYMPTOMS
►    ASSES SBC



HEMATOTOXICITY

►    PURPURA
►    ECHYMOSIS
►    GINGIVAL SULCUS BLEED
►    HEMATURIA

CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME
►    PUFFINESS
►    CHEMOSIS
►    PAROTID SWELLING




Lab. Investigations
  
Haematological-
                             leucocytosis(>20,000-
                                     severe envenomation)                          
                            elevated PCV
                             thrombocytopenia
                             evidence of hemolysis
                             prolonged CT,PT,PTT
                             elevated FDP



►    CT     >    20 MINUTES

►    SURE SIGN OF ENVONOMATION

►    PITVIPER   > 2 WEEKS

►    ECG: bradycardia
             ST    /
             Twave inversion
             QT Prolongation
             changes due to hyperkalemia
             

►    Metabolic
         hyperkalemia
         hypoxemia with resp.Ac
         met.Ac or lactic Ac
►    Urine
         hematuria,proteinuria,Hburia
         Mburia
        


►    Renal : ARF -- BU S.Cr   S E
►    CXR :  pulm.edema
               intrapulm.Hgs
               pleural effusion
►     Immunodiagnosis: by ELISA….
     highly sensitive but specificity inadequate to diff b/w diff species of snakes



SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT  ASV
►    HORSE SERUM
►    ASV IN INDIA
                        COBRA
                        KRAIT
                        RUSSEL’S VIPER
                        SAW SCALED VIPER
 1 mi ASV     ---    0.6m6 cobra R viper
                     ---    0.45mg krait S viper
                       


Indication ---- systemic manifestaiton
►    NEUROTOXICITY
►    REPEATED VOMITING
►    HAEMOTOXICITY
►    NEPHROTOXICITY
►    CARDIOTOXICITY
►    RHABDOMYOLYSIS


►    PROLONGED  CT  ALONE

                       PIT VIPER  --  NO
                       SNAKE NOT IDENTIFIED


NEUROTOXIC ENVONOMATION
►    INITIAL DOSE  10  -  15 VIALS
►    REASSESS
►    IMPROVEMENT   30  --  60 MIN
►    REPEAT  5 VIALS AFTER 60  -- 90 MINS
►    SUPPORTIVE – NEOSTIGMINE AFTER ATROPINE


HAEMOTOXIC ENVONOMATION
►    MILD            CT  <  30 MINS
                        CLOT SIZE  =  50% blood col
                        initial dose  = 5 vials
►    MODERATE   CT   >  30 MINS
►                           CLOTS ONLY SPECKLES
►                           intial dose   = 10 vials
►    SEVERE      INCOAGULABLE
►                         initial dose  = 15 vials


►    REPEAT  CT  AFTER 6 – 9 HOURS
►    IF CT PRONGED REPEAT 5- 10  VIALS
►    LOW DOSE INFUSION – FOLLOWING
                                            DAYS


SUPPORTIVE CARE

  ANTIBIOTICS
  METHYL PREDNISOLONE
  FFP,FRESH BLOOD
  PREVENTION AND Rx OF HYPOTENSION
  PRVENTION OF SHOCK



PREVENTION OF ARF
►    PROPER FLUID ADMINISTRATION
►    CORRECT MYOCARDIAL DYSFUNCTION
►    MONITOR OUTPUT BU S.Cr SE
►    AVOID  NEPHROTOXIC DRUGS
►    PROTEIN RESTRICTION



Management of local reactions
►    BULLAE   - LEFT INTACT
►    NECROSIS  - DEBRIDEMENT
►    COMPARTMENT SYNDROME – FASCIOTOMY
►    MOST COMFORTABLE POSITION


REACTIONS TO ANTIVENOM
►    ANAPHYLACTOID  10 – 90 MINS

►    PYROGENIC 2 HOURS

►    SERUM SICKNESS  5 – 21 DAYS
►    Rx  local anaesthetic ice pack

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15 Discoveries/Scientists you should C.T.M (commit to memory)

             Discovery                                                           Scientist

1.    Acidogenic (chemicoparasitic)               Miller

2.    Proteolysis theory                                      Gottieb

3.    Proteolysis chelation                                 Schartz and Martin

4.    Flourosis index                                            Dean

5.    Pit & fissure sealant                                   Buonocore

6.    Prophylactic odontotomy                        Hyatt

7.    Procaine                                                        Einhorn

8.    Epidemiology                                               Thomas Sidenham

9.    Bis—GMA                                                      Bowen

10.          OHI—S                                                      Green and Vermilion

11.          Psychoanalytic theory                          Sigmond Freud

12.          Conditioning theory                              Pavlov

13.          Cognitive development                        Piaget

14.          Social learning                                           Bandura

15.          Fermentation/putrifaction                    Louis Pasteur (1857)

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36 Characterstic features of various diseases

1.    Foreign body giant cells—Leprosy, TB, and chronic infective granuloma.

2.    Tuton giant cells—Xanthoma

3.    Aschoff cells—Rheumatic nodule

4.    Reed-Sternberg cells--Hodgkin’s disease

5.    Kupfer cells—Acute viral hepatitis

6.    Gaucher cells—Niemann-Pick disease

7.    Target cells—Beta thalassaemia

8.    Mallory’s hyaline—Alcoholic hepatitis

9.    Tumour giant  cells---Osteosarcoma

10.          Anitschkow cells—Rheumatic fever

11.          Foam cells---Atherosclerosis

12.          Basaloid cells—Basal cell carcinoma

13.          Heart failure cells—CVS lung

14.          Gamma-gandy---CVS spleen

15.          LE cells---SLE

16.          Congo red---Amyloid

17.          Toludene blue---Amyloid

18.          Periodic acid suhiff---Carbohydrate, glycogen and mucin

19.          Alician blue---Acidic mucin

20.          Von Gieson---Extracellular collagen

21.          Verhoff’s elastic---Elastic fibres

22.          Oilred o---Fats

23.          Sudan Black B---Fats

24.          Osmium tetroxide---Fats

25.          Gram---Bacteria

26.          Ziehi Neelsen—Tubercle bacilli

27.          Fite Wade---Leprosy bacilli

28.          Giemsa---Protozoan parasite

29.          Groccot’s silver---Fungi

30.          Shikata orcein---Hepatitis B surface

31.          Kossa’s---Osteomalacia for calcium, vit. D deficiency

32.          Perl’s prussian blue---Haemosiderin, iron

33.          Masson-Fontana---Melanin

34.          Alizarin red---Calcium deposit

35.          Von kossa---Mineralised bone

36.          Rubeanic acid—Copper

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40 Most Commons in Dentistry

1. Most common impacted anterior tooth--- maxillary canine


2. Most common supernumerary tooth—mesiodens


3. Most common ectopically erupted tooth—maxillary permanent first molar


4. Most common malignancy of oral cavity—squamous cell carcinoma


5. Most common benign tumour of oral cavity—fibroma


6. Most common retained tooth – primary mandibular second molar


7. Most common recurring cyst—odontogenic keratocyst


8. Most common cyst in oral cavity—periapical cyst


9. Most common lichen planus- reticular lichen planus.


10. Most common dermatosis to affect oral cavity- lichen planus


11. Most common chemical burn in oral cavity –aspirin burn


12. Most common topical fluoride in adults – stannous fluoride


13. Most common topical fluoride in children—1.23 APF gel.


14. Most common burshing technique-scrub technique


15. Most common developments cyst-nasopalatine cyst


16. Most common complication of GA (op)-nausea


17. Most common used drug for petitmal epilepsy-ethosuximide


18. Most common used drug for grand mal-phenytoil


19. Most common drug used for temporal epilepsy- carbomezepine


20. Most common treatment for cyst – enucleation


21. Most common used clasp-simple circlet clasp


22. Most common used face bow in fpd- kinematic


23. Most common complication of RA involves TMJ-fibrous ankylosis


24. Most common salivary malignancy in children –mucoepidermoid carcinoma.


25. Most common salivary malignancy in palate area-ACC


26. Most common type of haemophilia--- haemophilia A


27. Most common type of gingivitis in children--- eruption gingivitis


28. Most common type of cerebral palsy is –athetoid/ spastic.


29. Most common nerve involved in C sinus thrombosis – abducent nerve


30. Most common type of impaction ---mesoangular


31. Most common benign epithelial tumour---- papilloma


32. Most common complication of surgical extraction of lower third molar—loss of blood clot


33. Most common used instrument grasp—pen grasp


34. Most common susceptible tooth for caries—mandibular first molar


35. Most common contrast media - iodine in oil


36. Most common cause of light radiographs — exhausted developer


37. Most common cause of failure of RCT— incomplete obturation


38. Most common isolated yeast strain from RCT— Candida


39. Most common bacteria found in root canals --- gram positive


40. Most common part of oral cavity affected by L planus –buccal mucosa.


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5 must read books for dental MDS entrance aspirants !!

1. DENTAL PULSE : The best of the lot. Must book for any dental entrance examination across india and abroad. Authored by Dr. Satheesh , Dental Pulse is by far the most essential and recommended books.Thoroughly read pulse including synopsis can help you clear any entrance exam.


2. DENTEST BY Dr. Gauri Shanker : Again one of the best books. If Dr. Gauri is reading this ,well sir I'm one among the long list of fans you have. Oldest and still most read book by MDS entrance aspirants.I'm often asked whether , reading both dental pulse and gauri shanker is essential and my answer is "yes". Although lot of content of dental pulse and dentest is same but both have there own specialities.

3. NEERAJ WADHWAN'S AIPG SOLVED 10 YEAR PAPERS: Dr. Wadhawan and Akhil Rajput came up with this excellent book , containing All India Dental PG entrance exam papers solved and with authentic answers. Sailent feature of this book is , its explanations . Each and every question is nicely explained and answers are dependable compared to most other books on AIPG  papers.

4. DENTAL MATRIX  AIIMS Solved 2001 to 2010: I 'm (Dr. Madaan) including my book in this list only after overwhelming response from the market and immense appreciations from students across the country. Sailent feature here is , each question has been treated like 4 questions and explained accordingly.

5.MUDIT KHANNA & AMIT ASHISH : These are two books . Both are by far the best for medical entrance exams but has been greatly instrumental for our dental Pg exams due to repition of Questions between two exams.


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MDS ASPIRANTS : FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS !! (FAQ'S)

 GUEST ARTICLE : AUTHORED BY Dr. SURESH (ALL CREDIT TO HIM)

Respected Aspirants :)

I guess u all must have already experienced the heat of entrance prep by now..
I know half of you must be actually worrying about the way u have been preparing and rest I Guess must be worrying whether you all be getting a seat this time…

There are two best thoughts which needs to be remembered each moment when u sailing through these stressful days.

For the first half the people who r worrying.. “Success belongs only to those who are willing to work harder than anyone else”

And for those who are prepared well I guess u all should remember one thing.. "There is always a light at the end of tunnel”

I know the feeling which each one faces in those days of entrance prep.. but No FEAR.. that’s actually needed the most to keep you r clock ticking..


“THE MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT MDS ENTRANCE”

Have received many mails, calls, asking many question.. most of the time they r repeated so often that sometimes I even felt like just copying and pasting my earlier response.. I am sure may be for the next 5 years these following questions will arise in each of the budding aspirants who keeps the first step in the path of entrance prep. I have tried sincerely to explain each of them, in the way so that each one of u understands it. I have surely made the language simple , just to make u feel that u almost talking to a person who have always tried to make support the new aspirants… Believe in one thing.. U HELP SOMEONE TODAY, GOD WILL SURELY HELP U SOMEDAY.. HERE IT GOES :)


HOW MUCH TIME IS NEEDED FOR PREPARATION?

Now time is money here.. it all depends on whether u r dropping or just preparing during internship.. keeping that point apart, u should make a time table of urs in which u should mark a deadline for each subject.. make sure the amount of time u allot for successive revisions are less than the earlier one,, so if u plan ur study this way then u will get a rough idea about the level of preparation u will be doing at the end of prep.

IS IT NECESSARY TO DO THEORY?

Now there are many people who give a different formula for entrance prep.. but u all should know one thing.. nobody guaranties u the success.. but yes.. they do give a hope.. somebody has said the truth.. “ to know the path ahead, ask those who are coming back” . This just means that if somebody has got success then u surely have a hope in that path.. but each u all should remember one thing.. every individual is different. Hence the amount of effort put by each individual is different and luck too.. but one thing u all should remember is, U REALLY CANT SAIL IN TWO BOATS AT A TIME.. “ the best advice to u all .. trust one , and follow it… don’t complicate things by listening to too many people.. ask one person who got a true success and follow it.,, what matters is the amount of trust u put in his words.. that’s what is imp to keep urself motivated.. It also depends on ur time and how much u have read in ur BDS days.. I never had time to read theory in my internship but I had worked hard during in my UG, so I was not much scared about the standard book.. but those who have taken a break of another year , I advise them to read the theory to because they have lot lot time for prep..

DENTAL RESEARCH ARTICLES:ISSUE 2 : 2010 FULL TEXT

1. The role of self-efficacy in dental patients' brushing and flossing: testing an extended Health Belief Model.
   Patient Educ Couns, 78(2): 269-72.  [Full-text]
2. Forensic oral imaging quality of hand-held dental X-ray devices: comparison of two image receptors and two devices.
   Forensic Sci Int, 194(1): 20-7.  [Full-text]
3. Effect of liquid rubber additions on physical properties of Bis-GMA based dental resins.
   Dent Mater, 26(2): 164-8.  [Full-text]
4. Chemical and morphological features of dental composite resin: influence of light curing units and immersion media.
   Microsc Res Tech, 73(3): 176-81.  [Full-text]
5. Interfacial toughness of bilayer dental ceramics based on a short-bar, chevron-notch test.
   Dent Mater, 26(2): 111-7.  [Full-text]
6. Core-shell quantum dots tailor the fluorescence of dental resin composites.
   J Dent, 38(2): 149-52.  [Full-text]
7. Preparation, characterization and in vitro efficacy of an acid-modified beta-TCP material for dental hard-tissue remineralization.
   Acta Biomater, 6(3): 969-78.  [Full-text]
8. Drinking habits are associated with changes in the dental plaque microbial community.
   J Clin Microbiol, 48(2): 347-56.  [Full-text]
9. A practical and systematic review of Weibull statistics for reporting strengths of dental materials.
   Dent Mater, 26(2): 135-47.  [Full-text]
10. Development of craniofacial and dental arch morphology in relation to sleep disordered breathing from 4 to 12 years. Effects of adenotonsillar surgery.
    Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 74(2): 137-43.  [Full-text]
11. The application of computerized tomography (CT) to the dental ageing of children and adolescents.
    Forensic Sci Int, 195(1): 58-62.  [Full-text]
12. The utility of dental patterns in forensic dentistry.
    Forensic Sci Int, 195(1): 166.e1-5.  [Full-text]
13. Influence of diameter and length of implant on early dental implant failure.
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 68(2): 414-9.  [Full-text]
14. Feasibility study of a partially hollow configuration for zirconia dental implants.
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 68(2): 399-406.  [Full-text]
15. The nature and frequency of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws in dental implant patients: a South Australian case series.
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 68(2): 337-43.  [Full-text]
16. Skeletal and dental stability after maxillary distraction with a rigid external device in adult cleft lip and palate patients.
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 68(2): 254-9.  [Full-text]
17. Dental unit waterlines: source of contamination and cross-infection.
    J Hosp Infect, 74(2): 99-111.  [Full-text]
18. Effect of Wnt6 on human dental papilla cells in vitro.
    J Endod, 36(2): 238-43.  [Full-text]
19. Gender Differences in the Amount of Gingival Display During Smiling Using Two Intraoral Dental Biometric Measurements.
    J Prosthodont.  [Full-text]
20. Predicting time-dependent remodeling of bone around immediately loaded dental implants with different designs.
    Med Eng Phys, 32(1): 22-31.  [Full-text]
21. Dental implant removal to facilitate suspension laryngoscopy and laser treatment of an obstructed airway.
    Anaesthesia, 65(1): 78-81.  [Full-text]
22. A dental implant in the anterior cranial fossae.
    Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 39(1): 92-93.  [Full-text]
23. Dental implants placed into alveolar clefts reconstructed with tongue flaps and bone grafts.
    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 109(2): e1-7.  [Full-text]
24. The emerging dental workforce: long-term career expectations and influences. A quantitative study of final year dental students' views on their long-term career from one London Dental School.
    BMC Oral Health, 9(1): 35.  [Full-text]
25. Comparing the Berlin and the ARES questionnaire to identify patients with obstructive sleep apnea in a dental setting.
    Sleep Breath.  [Full-text]
26. Assessment of dental waste management in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
    Waste Manag Res.  [Full-text]
27. Health care-associated transmission of hepatitis B & C viruses in dental care (dentistry).
    Clin Liver Dis, 14(1): 93-104; ix.  [Full-text]
28. Hereditary angioedema: treatment, management, and precautions in patients presenting for dental care.
    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 109(2): 168-72.  [Full-text]
29. Oral bacterial extracts facilitate early osteogenic/dentinogenic differentiation in human dental pulp-derived cells.
    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 109(1): 149-154.  [Full-text]
30. Tomographic volume evaluation of submandibular fossa in patients requiring dental implants.
    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 109(1): e32-e36.  [Full-text]
31. Al(2)O(3(w))-Al(2)O(3(n))-ZrO(2) (TZ-3Y)(n) multi-scale nanocomposite: an alternative for different dental applications?
    Acta Biomater, 6(2): 563-70.  [Full-text]
32. Influence of the bonding substrate in dental composite polymerization stress testing.
    Acta Biomater, 6(2): 547-51.  [Full-text]
33. Satisfaction with dental case management among people living with HIV/AIDS.
    J Community Health, 35(1): 43-52.  [Full-text]
34. Identification of a novel dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) mutation and dental anomalies in a kindred with autosomal recessive hypophosphatemia.
    Bone, 46(2): 402-9.  [Full-text]
35. Child dental fear as measured with the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule: the impact of referral status and type of informant (child versus parent).
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36. Dental maturational sequence and dental tissue proportions in the early Upper Paleolithic child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal.
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37. Dental development and life history in living African and Asian apes.
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38. Metric and nonmetric dental variation and the population structure of the Ainu.
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39. Stem/Progenitor cell-mediated de novo regeneration of dental pulp with newly deposited continuous layer of dentin in an in vivo model.
    Tissue Eng Part A, 16(2): 605-15.  [Full-text]
40. Cyclic loading of notched dental composite specimens.
    Dent Mater, 26(3): 207-14.  [Full-text]
41. Effect of element concentration on nickel release from dental alloys using a novel ion beam method.
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42. Risk profile and quality of dental restorations: a cross-sectional study.
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43. Comparison of cutting efficiencies between electric and air-turbine dental handpieces.
    J Prosthet Dent, 103(2): 101-7.  [Full-text]
44. Effect of varying the vertical dimension of connectors of cantilever cross-arch fixed dental prostheses in patients with severely reduced osseous support: a three-dimensional finite element analysis.
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45. Survey of United States dental schools on cementation protocols for implant crown restorations.
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46. Understanding school teacher's knowledge regarding dental trauma: a basis for future interventions.
    Dent Traumatol.  [Full-text]
47. Kinetics of fluoride ion release from dental restorative glass ionomer cements: the influence of ultrasound, radiant heat and glass composition.
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48. Influence of artificial ageing on surface properties and Streptococcus mutans adhesion to dental composite materials.
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49. Modelling workforce skill-mix: how can dental professionals meet the needs and demands of older people in England?
    Br Dent J, 208(3): E6; discussion 116-7.  [Full-text]
50. Evidence-informed dental student recruitment techniques.
    Br Dent J, 208(3): 127-31.  [Full-text]
51. Getting into medical school - a guide for dental graduates.
    Br Dent J, 208(3): 123-6.  [Full-text]
52. Evidence summary: why is access to dental care for frail elderly people worse than for other groups?
    Br Dent J, 208(3): 119-22.  [Full-text]
53. Summary of: Modelling workforce skill-mix: how can dental professionals meet the needs and demands of older people in England?
    Br Dent J, 208(3): 116-7.  [Full-text]
54. Evaluation of dental practitioners with special interest in minor oral surgery.
    Br Dent J, 208(3): 103-7.  [Full-text]
55. Implant survival rates in a condensed surgical and prosthetic training program for general practitioners in dental implants.
    Implant Dent, 19(1): 73-80.  [Full-text]
56. Smoking, diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, and supportive periodontal treatment as factors associated with dental implant survival: a long-term retrospective evaluation of patients followed for up to 10 years.
    Implant Dent, 19(1): 57-64.  [Full-text]
57. Guided bone regeneration using nonexpanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes in preparation for dental implant placements--a report of 420 cases.
    Implant Dent, 19(1): 2-7.  [Full-text]
58. Comparison of biomaterial implants in the dental socket: histological analysis in dogs.
    Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 12(1): 18-25.  [Full-text]
59. Heritability of dental fear.
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60. Prevalence of periodontal disease and treatment demands based on a German dental survey (DMS IV).
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61. Long-term dental visiting patterns and adult oral health.
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62. Do school-based dental sealant programs reach higher risk children?
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63. Anxiety and quality of life in phobic dental patients.
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64. Dental age estimation in Spanish and Venezuelan children. Comparison of Demirjian and Chaillet's scores.
    Int J Legal Med, 124(2): 105-12.  [Full-text]
65. The epidemic tendency of dental caries prevalence of school students from 1991 to 2005 in China.
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66. Three-dimensional dental measurements: An alternative to plaster models.
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67. Factors influencing the presence of interproximal dental papillae between maxillary anterior teeth.
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68. Fiber-reinforced Composite Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Retrospective Clinical Examination.
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69. In vitro synchrotron-based radiography of micro-gap formation at the implant-abutment interface of two-piece dental implants.
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70. Elution of substances from a silorane-based dental composite.
    Eur J Oral Sci, 118(1): 100-2.  [Full-text]
71. The relationship between dental anxiety and dental decay experience in antenatal mothers.
    Eur J Oral Sci, 118(1): 59-65.  [Full-text]
72. Mechanosensitivity of dental pulp stem cells is related to their osteogenic maturity.
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73. The association between fluoride in drinking water and dental caries in Danish children. Linking data from health registers, environmental registers and administrative registers.
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74. Ten-Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study of the TiOblast Dental Implant.
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75. Occlusal fissures of the equine cheek tooth: prevalence, location and association with disease in 91 horses referred for dental investigation.
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76. Quantifying and qualifying surface changes on dental hard tissues in vitro.
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77. Surface modification of biomedical and dental implants and the processes of inflammation, wound healing and bone formation.
    Int J Mol Sci, 11(1): 354-69.  [Full-text]
78. The performance of dental pulp stem cells on nanofibrous PCL/gelatin/nHA scaffolds.
    J Biomed Mater Res A, 93(1): 247-57.  [Full-text]
79. Evaluation of the smile: facial and dental considerations.
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 68(3): 547-54.  [Full-text]
80. Deciduous and permanent dental pulp mesenchymal cells acquire hepatic morphologic and functional features in vitro.
    J Endod, 36(3): 469-74.  [Full-text]
81. Expression of the inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 in dental pulp cells cultured with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium silicate cements.
    J Endod, 36(3): 465-8.  [Full-text]
82. Artificial dental pulp exposure injury up-regulates antigen-presenting cell-related molecules in rat central nervous system.
    J Endod, 36(3): 459-64.  [Full-text]
83. Side population increase after simulated transient ischemia in human dental pulp cell.
    J Endod, 36(3): 453-8.  [Full-text]
84. Simvastatin promotes odontoblastic differentiation and expression of angiogenic factors via heme oxygenase-1 in primary cultured human dental pulp cells.
    J Endod, 36(3): 447-52.  [Full-text]
85. Synthesis of dental enamel-like hydroxyapaptite through solution mediated solid-state conversion.
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86. TGF-beta stimulates glial-like differentiation in murine dental follicle precursor cells (mDFPCs).
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87. The association between celiac disease, dental enamel defects, and aphthous ulcers in a United States cohort.
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88. Alterations in phosphorus, calcium and PTHrP contribute to defects in dental and dental alveolar bone formation in calcium-sensing receptor-deficient mice.
    Development, 137(6): 985-92.  [Full-text]
89. Ecological and evolutionary factors in dental morphological diversification among modern human populations from southern South America.
    Proc Biol Sci, 277(1684): 1107-12.  [Full-text]
90. Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in a Population of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients.
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91. Corneal reconstruction with tissue-engineered cell sheets composed of human immature dental pulp stem cells.
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92. Surface characterization of zirconia dental implants.
    Dent Mater, 26(4): 295-305.  [Full-text]
93. Quantification of dental erosion--a comparison of stylus profilometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
    Dent Mater, 26(4): 326-36.  [Full-text]
94. Surface deterioration of dental materials after simulated toothbrushing in relation to brushing time and load.
    Dent Mater, 26(4): 306-19.  [Full-text]
95. Smoking cessation advice: knowledge, attitude and practice among clinical dental students.
    Br Dent J, 208(4): 173-7.  [Full-text]
96. Evidence summary: what is the effectiveness of alternative approaches for increasing dental attendance by poor families or families from deprived areas?
    Br Dent J, 208(4): 167-71.  [Full-text]
97. Summary of: Tobacco, alcohol and drug use among dental undergraduates at one English university in 1998 and 2008.
    Br Dent J, 208(4): 164-5.  [Full-text]
98. Dental implant failure associated with a residual maxillary cyst.
    Br Dent J, 208(4): 153-4.  [Full-text]
99. Tobacco, alcohol and drug use among dental undergraduates at one English university in 1998 and 2008.
    Br Dent J, 208(4): E8; discussion 164-5.  [Full-text]